Dictionary:

In Python programming, we use the dictionary in the form of “key-value” pairs. The dictionary is a collection of unordered lists, where every item is associated with a unique key. Dictionaries are defined using curly braces {} and consist of comma-separated key-value pairs. Let’s see an example:

info = {'name': 'Shivam', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}
print(info)

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

{'name': 'Shivam', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}

In this example, info is a dictionary with three key-value pairs. Now, let’s understand how to access information from dictionaries:

Access The Dictionary Items:

I. Access The Single Value:

• Values can be accessed by corresponding keys
• We can use square brackets or get method.

Let’s see an example for a better understanding:

print(info['name'])
print(info.get('eligible'))

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

Shivam
True

II. Access Multiple Values:

• We can print all values using the values() method.

Let’s see an example:

info = {'name': 'Shivam', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}
print(info.values())

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

dict_values(['Shivam', 19, True])

III. Access Keys:

• We can print all values using the keys() method.

Let’s see an example for a better understanding:

info = {'name': 'Shivam', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}
print(info.keys())

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'eligible'])

IV. Access Key-value Pairs:

We can print all values in the form of key-value pairs using the `items()` method

Let’s see an example for a better understanding:

info = {'name': 'Shivam', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}
print(info.items())   

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

dict_items([('name', 'Shivam'), ('age', 19), ('eligible', True)])

Methods Of Dictionary

1. update():

Using the `update()` method, we can update the existing values of the dictionary. If the value does not exist, a new key-value pair is created. Let’s understand through an example:

info = {'name': 'Priti', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}
print(info)
info.update({'age': 20})
info.update({'DOB': 2001})
print(info)

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

{'name': 'Priti', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}
{'name': 'Priti', 'age': 20, 'eligible': True, 'DOB': 2001}

2. clear():

Using the `clear()` method, we can remove all existing elements from the dictionary. Let’s see an example:

info = {'name': 'Priti', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}
info.clear()
print(info)

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

{}

3. pop():

The `pop()` method is used to remove a specific key along with its corresponding value from the dictionary. Let’s see an example:

info = {'name': 'Priti', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}
info.pop('eligible')
print(info)

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

{'name': 'Priti', 'age': 19}

4. popitem():

The `popitem()` method is used to remove the last key-value pair from the dictionary.

info = {'name': 'Priti', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True, 'DOB': 2003}
info.popitem()
print(info)

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

{'name': 'Priti', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True}

5. del():

• Using the `del()` keyword, we can remove the item from the dictionary.
• If a specific key is provided, the corresponding key-value pair is removed.
• If the key is not provided, the dictionary will be completely deleted.

Let’s understand through an example:

info = {'name': 'Priti', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True, 'DOB': 2003}
del info['age']
print(info)

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

{'name': 'Priti', 'eligible': True, 'DOB': 2003}

6. Delete Complete Dictionary:

info = {'name': 'Priti', 'age': 19, 'eligible': True, 'DOB': 2003}
del info
print(info)

The Output Of This Code Will Be:

NameError: name 'info' is not defined

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